Oral cancer, often referred to as mouth cancer, is the most common type of head and neck cancer. It’s most frequently found on the tongue, lips, and floor of the mouth, though it can also occur on the gums, cheeks, and other parts of the mouth. Knowing the symptoms and taking preventive steps can significantly improve outcomes.
Common Symptoms of Oral Cancer
If you experience any of these symptoms for more than two weeks, it’s time to consult your dentist:
- Persistent sore or irritation on the lips or in the mouth
- Red or white patches
- A feeling that something is stuck in your throat
- Rough areas on the lips, gums, or mouth lining
- Loose teeth, unexplained bleeding, or swelling
- Persistent pain in the mouth, lips, or face
- Chronic bad breath, hoarseness, or difficulty chewing, swallowing, or moving the jaw or tongue
These symptoms don’t always mean oral cancer but should be taken seriously. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment, so speak to your dentist if you notice any unusual changes.
Causes and Risk Factors
Oral cancer occurs when cells in the lips or mouth mutate and continue dividing without dying as normal cells do. These cells can spread to other areas, making early detection vital. Key risk factors for oral cancer include:
- Tobacco use (cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco)
- Excessive alcohol use
- HPV (human papillomavirus)
- Excessive sun exposure, especially for lip cancer
- Family history of oral cancer, poor nutrition, or a weakened immune system
Self-Examinations and Prevention Tips
Conducting regular self-exams is an excellent way to detect early signs of oral cancer. Here’s how:
- Feel your lips, gums, and the roof of your mouth.
- Check the inside of your cheeks and back gums.
- Stick out your tongue to inspect its top, bottom, and sides.
- Use a mirror and light to look for anything unusual.
To reduce your risk, avoid all forms of tobacco, consume alcohol in moderation, limit sun exposure, eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and stay up-to-date on HPV vaccinations. Regular dental checkups are also essential, as your dentist can conduct thorough oral cancer screenings.
Oral Cancer Treatment Options
Treatment varies depending on the cancer’s location, stage, and the patient’s health. Options may include:
- Surgery to remove the tumor or reconstruct the mouth.
- Radiation Therapy using high-energy beams.
- Chemotherapy with chemicals that target cancer cells.
- Targeted Drug Therapy to alter cancer cell growth.
- Immunotherapy to help the immune system fight cancer, often used if other treatments aren’t effective.
Preparing for Your Appointment
Appointment time is limited, so preparation is key:
- Ask about any pre-appointment restrictions.
- List your symptoms, medications, and personal medical history.
- Consider bringing a friend or family member to advocate for you.
- Avoid foods that worsen symptoms, like spicy or hard foods.
Oral cancer can be a frightening diagnosis, but early detection and proper treatment can lead to successful outcomes. At Prairie Rose Family Dentists, we’re here to help guide you through every step, from routine screenings to addressing any questions you may have. Contact us today!